Recently, "Experimental and Molecular Medicine" published a review on cell cycle and apoptosis regulator 2 (CCAR2). This review describes the dual roles of CCAR2 as a tumor suppressor and promoter in cancer progression, as well as its domain structure, interaction partners, and mechanisms that regulate the activities of transcription factors, transcriptional co-regulators, and epigenetic modifiers.

CCAR2 is a nuclear multidomain protein with six functional domains, which plays an important role in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis. The researchers discovered that CCAR2 has a dual role in cancer progression, acting as both a tumor suppressor and a promoter. CCAR2 regulates gene expression and biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis by interacting with transcription factors, transcription co-regulators, and epigenetic modifiers.

Transcription factors are key proteins that are recruited to target genes after the combination of enhancers and co-regulators that regulate DNA sequences. Transcriptional coregulators are components of multiprotein complexes that transmit and integrate cellular signals by acting as scaffolds to attach post-translational modifying enzymes to specific transcription sites. Epigenetic modifiers are enzymes that alter chromatin accessibility to regulate gene expression by post-translationally modifying transcription factors and coregulators.

The authors of the review pointed out that the study of CCAR2 helps to gain insight into the mechanism of cancer occurrence and progression, and provides new ideas and methods for cancer treatment. In the future, researchers will continue to explore the mechanism of action of CCAR2 in order to better apply it to clinical treatment.

The publication of the research results provides new ideas and methods for an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of cancer occurrence and progression. As the research on CCAR2 continues to deepen, it is believed that there will be more new progress and breakthroughs, which will bring new hope for the treatment of cancer.